Australasian Dentist Magazine Nov Dec 2021

Category 50 AustrAlAsiAn Dentist periodontal disease when treated with orthodontics, caremust be taken to explain that there may be marked interproximal recession that may need restorative management post orthodontics. Also, during tooth extrusion procedure as the gingiva comes along, it may restore the interdental papilla with assistance of surgery. Review Of Literature Kokich et al. demonstrated that patients and dentists found black triangles greater than 3 mm less attractive. Tal, suggested maintaining 3 mm inter- dental distance to facilitate the foundation of papillae. Nikhil Jain et al, found that common distance between two roots was 2 mm. When the distance between two roots was 2 mm, the average distance between a contact point and the alveolar crest was 5.1 mm. Tarnow et al reported that interdental papillae are always present when the distance from the contact point to alveolar crest is ≤ 5mm. When the distance was ≥ 7mm, the papilla usually was missing. Concluded that if the distance from BC (bone crest) to CP (contact point) is 5 mm or less, presence of full papillae is almost expectable (98%). Burke et al, recommend bringing the roots closer by mesial torquing movement to rectify presence of GBts, in conjunction with recontouring proximal enamel to change the contact area to a broader surface along with relocating the contact more apically. Cardaropoli et al, evaluated a combined approach of orthodontic-periodontal treatment to reconstruct the inter-dental papillae between upper central incisors, demonstrating that the soft tissues adapt during intrusion of the teeth as the inter- proximal spaces were reduced. Cho et al, suggested closer root approximation increases the likelihood of full papillae, while if the interdental distance is more than 4 mm then the presence of full papillae is not expected. Kokich and Kurth, examined the approximal contact point to the crest of bone distance affecting the amount of the interproximal papilla. u 5 mm or less: interdental papilla always present u 6 mm: Papilla present 56% of the times u 7 mm or more: Papilla usually missing Ko-Kimura et al. conducted a study on orthodontic patients, taking into consideration the amount of crowding and the occurrence of black triangles related to it. u less than 4 mm crowding- 42.8% u 4 mm to 8 mm crowding- 41.2% u 8 mm and more crowding- 50% u Dr Geoffrey Hall, Specialist orthodontist BDSc ( Mel) Cert Orth( Uni of Penn) MRACDS ( Orth) Founder and Director of OrthoED, Smilefast and CAPS geoff@orthoed.com.au TEL 1300 073 427 • 03 91080475 REFERENCES • Athar S et al, Black gingival triangle in orthodontics: its etiology, management and contemporary literature review. saint int Dent J 2020; 4:17-22. • Giovan Paolo et al. Interdental Papilla management: A review and classification of therapeutic approaches, int J Periodontic restorative Dent Vol24, no 3,2004 • Graber, Vanarsdall- Orthodontic Current Principles and techniques (6th edition) • Joanne Cunliffe et al, A Literature Review of the treatment of Black triangles, J Dent Maxillofacial res, Volume 2(1): 1–5, 2019 • Newman and Carranza’s, Clinical Periodontology (13th edition) • Tarnow DP et al, The effect of distance from the contact point to crest of bone on the presence or absence of interproximal dental papilla. J Periodontol 1992; 63:995-996. • Putri Masraini Lubis et al, Black Triangle, etiology and treatment Approaches: literature review, Advances in Health science research, volume 8 2017 • P. Ziahosseini el al, Management of gingival black triangles, British Dental Journal Volume 217 nO. 10 nOV 21 2014 • Vijendra P. Singh et al, Black triangle dilemma and its management in esthetic dentistry, Dent res J (isfahan). 2013 May- Jun; 10(3): 296–301 • William. R. Profitt, Contemporary Orthodontics (6th edition) liniCal Figure 11 Figure 12 1800 806 450 www.amalgadent.com.au SEE BACK COVER See why you shouldn’t mix your chemistry! Bis-Silane_ZPrime+ Fuel Footer #90.indd 1 04-Nov-21 1:25:14 PM